\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{ctex,siunitx,ninecolors}
\setCJKmainfont{Noto Serif CJK SC}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns, calc}
\usetikzlibrary {decorations.pathmorphing, decorations.pathreplacing, decorations.shapes,}
\begin{document}
\small
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,scale=1.0]
  \fill[pattern=north east lines](2.978,2.083)--(3.237,1.117)--(3.478,1.182)--(3.219,2.148);
  \draw[thick](2.978,2.083)--(3.237,1.117);
  \foreach \x/\y/\z in {3/2/-0.4144,3.107/1.6/-1,3.214/1.2/-1.5856}
  {
    \draw[postaction={decorate},decoration={markings,mark=between positions 0.5 
     and 0.9 step 0.3 with {\arrow{>}}}](-2,\y)--(\x,\y)--(1.6061,\z);
  }
  \foreach \x/\y in {0.8/-0.4144,0.4/-1,0/-1.5856}
  {
    \draw[postaction={decorate},decoration={markings,mark=between positions 0.3 
     and 0.9 step 0.5 with {\arrow{>}}}](-2,\x)--(5,\x)--(1.6061,\y);
  }
  \draw[fill=lightgray](1.6061,-1.75)rectangle(1.5061,-0.25);
  \node at (-2,1)[left]{激光束};
  \node at (1.5,-1)[left]{感光片};
  \node at (3.3,1.6)[right]{反光镜};
  \node at (5.8,0.4)[right]{物体};
  \draw(3,2)--(1.6061,-0.4144)node[pos=0.65,sloped,above]{参考光束};
  \fill[left color=lightgray,right color=lightgray,middle color=white](5.3,0)ellipse(0.3 and 0.1);
  \fill[left color=lightgray,right color=lightgray,middle color=white](5,0)rectangle(5.6,0.8);
  \fill[gray](5.3,0.8)ellipse(0.3 and 0.1);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}